Umahluko phakathi kwebholithi kunye nesikrufu awuchazwa kakuhle.Umahluko ngokwemfundo, ngokweNcwadana kaMatshini, kukuyilo olucetyiweyo: iibholithi ziyilelwe ukuba zidlule kumngxunya ongafundwanga kwicandelo kwaye zibotshelelwe ngoncedo lwendongomane, nangona isibophelelo esinjalo sinokusetyenziswa ngaphandle kwendongomane ukuqiniswa kwi nut. icandelo elinemisonto elinje ngepleyiti yamantongomane okanye izindlu eziteyiweyo.Izikrweqe ngokwahlukileyo zisetyenziswa kumacandelo aqulathe eyazo intambo, okanye ukusika owayo umsonto kuwo.Le nkcazo ivumela ukungaqondakali kwinkcazo ye-fastener ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo esisetyenziselwa yona, kwaye amagama athi screw kunye ne-bolt asetyenziswa kakhulu ngabantu abahlukeneyo okanye kumazwe ahlukeneyo ukuba afake isicelo kwi-fastener efanayo okanye eyahlukileyo.
Iibholiti zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukwenza ibholithi edibeneyo.Le yindibaniselwano yentongomane efaka i-axial clamping force kunye neshank yebholithi esebenza njengedowel, iqhoboshela umdibaniso ngokuchasene nemikhosi yokucheba esecaleni.Ngesi sizathu, iibholiti ezininzi zine-shank ecacileyo engafundwanga (ebizwa ngokuba bubude bokubambelela) njengoko oku kwenza idoweli engcono, eyomeleleyo.Ubukho be-shank engafundwanga ngokuqhelekileyo bunikezelwa njengempawu ye-bolts vs. screws, kodwa oku kwenzeka ngokusetyenziswa kwayo, kunokuba kuchazwe.
Apho isiqhoboshi sibumba owaso umsonto kwicandelo elibotshelelwayo, sibizwa ngokuba sisikrufu.Oku kucaca kakhulu xa umsonto ucociwe (oko kukuthi izikrufu zomthi zesintu), ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwendongomane, [2] okanye xa kusetyenziswa isikrufu sentsimbi okanye esinye isikrufu sokwenza umsonto.Isikrufu kufuneka sijikwe ngalo lonke ixesha ukuze sidibanise umdibaniso.Iibholiti ezininzi zigcinwe ngokusisigxina ngexesha lokuhlanganisana, mhlawumbi ngesixhobo okanye ngokuyilwa kwebholithi engajikeleziyo, njengebholithi yenqwelo, kwaye i-nut ehambelanayo kuphela iguqulwa.
Iibholiti zisebenzisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zoyilo lwentloko, njengoko kwenza izikrufu.Ezi ziyilelwe ukuzibandakanya nesixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukuziqinisa.Ezinye iintloko zebholithi endaweni yoko zitshixe ibholithi endaweni, ukuze ingashukumi kwaye isixhobo sifuneka kuphela kwisiphelo se nut.
Iintloko zeebholiti eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-hex, i-hex efakwe iwasha, kunye ne-socket cap.
Iibholiti zokuqala zineentloko ezisikweri, ezenziwe ngokwenziwa.Ezi zisafumaneka, nangona okuxhaphake kakhulu namhlanje yintloko ene-hexagonal.Ezi zibanjwa kwaye zijikwe nge-spanner okanye i-socket, apho kukho iindlela ezininzi.Uninzi lubanjwe ukusuka kwicala, ezinye zivela kumgca we-bolt.Ezinye iibholiti zineentloko ze-T kunye neentloko ezifakweyo.
Iibholiti ezininzi zisebenzisa i-screwdriver head fitting, kunokuba i-wrench yangaphandle.I-Screwdrivers isetyenziswe kwi-line kunye ne-fastener, kunokuba isuke ecaleni.Ezi zincinci kuneentloko ezininzi ze-wrench kwaye azikwazi ukusebenzisa umlinganiselo ofanayo we-torque.Ngamanye amaxesha kucingelwa ukuba iintloko ze-screwdriver zithetha i-screw kwaye i-wrenches ithetha i-bolt, nangona oku kungachanekanga.Izikrufu zomqeqeshi zizikrufu ezikhulu ezinentloko yesikweri ezinentambo yesikrufu somthi esithe jizekileyo, ezisetyenziselwa ukuqhoboshela intsimbi kwiplanga.Uyilo lwentloko oluwela zombini iibholiti kunye nezikrufu ziintloko zeAllen okanye zeTorx;iziseko ezinehexagonal okanye ezinabileyo.Olu yilo lwangoku luthatha uluhlu olukhulu lobungakanani kwaye lunokuthwala itorque enkulu.Iziqhoboshi ezinemisonto ezineentloko zesimbo se-screwdriver zidla ngokubizwa ngokuba zizikrufu zoomatshini nokuba zisetyenziswa ne nut okanye hayi.
Ibholt eyenzelwe ukuvumela izinto ukuba zincanyathiselwe kwikhonkrithi.Intloko yebholithi idla ngokufakwa kwikhonkrithi phambi kokuba inyange okanye ibekwe phambi kokuba ikhonkrithi igalelwe, ishiya isiphelo esinentambo sityhilekile.
Ibholithi yeArbor - Ibholithi enewasha encanyathiselwe ngokusisigxina kwaye iguqulwe intambo.Yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwisarha yemiter kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuqinisa ngokuzenzekelayo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ukunqanda ukuwa kweblade.
Ibholithi yenqwelo - Ibholithi enentloko engqukuva egudileyo kunye necandelo lesikwere ukuthintela ukujika kulandele icandelo elinemisonto ye nut.
Ibholithi ye-Elevator - Ibholithi enentloko enkulu ethe tyaba esetyenziswa kumiselo lwenkqubo yokuhambisa.
Ibholithi yeHanger - Ibholithi engenantloko, umzimba othungelwe ngumatshini olandelwa sisijiva somthi.Vumela amandongomane ukuba ancanyathiselwe kwinto eyiskrufu ngokwenene.
I-Hex bolt-iBolt enentloko ene-hexagonal kunye nomzimba onemisonto.Icandelo ngokukhawuleza phantsi kwentloko linokuthi okanye lingathungelwa.
Ibholithi engu-J - Ibholithi emile njengonobumba u-J.Kuphela icandelo elingenagoso lifakwe umsonto ukuze inati idityaniswe.
Lag bolt - Ikwaziwa ngokuba lag screw.Ayiyobholiti yokwenyani.Intloko yebhawudi yeHex enencam yomsonto ukuze isetyenziswe emthini.
Ibholiti yamatye - Isetyenziswa kulwakhiwo lwetonela ukuzinzisa iindonga.
Ibholithi yezesondo okanye iChicago Bolt-iBolt enenxalenye yendoda nebhinqa enemisonto yangaphakathi kunye neentloko zebholithi kuwo omabini amacala.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukubopha iphepha.
Ibholithi yamagxa okanye i-Stripper bolt-Ibholithi enegxalaba eligudileyo elibanzi kunye nesiphelo esinemisonto esincinci esisetyenziselwa ukwenza i-pivot okanye indawo yokuncamathela.
U-Bolt - Ibholithi emile njengonobumba u-U apho amacandelo amabini athe ngqo adityaniswa khona.Isitya esithe tye sesinyithi esinemingxuma emibini ye-bolt isetyenziswe ngamantongomane ukubamba imibhobho okanye ezinye izinto ezijikelezayo kwi-U-bolt.
Ibholithi yemoba - Ekwabizwa ngokuba yintonga yokuwisa, ibholithi yemoba ayisosibophelelo esinentambo.Luhlobo lwesango lesango elibandakanya intonga ende yentsimbi enesiphatho esigobileyo kwaye inamathele kwisango nge-fasteners enye okanye ngaphezulu.Olu hlobo lwebholithi lwathiywa ngokumila kwentonga, efana nokumila kweelekese okanye induku yokuhamba.
Ngokuxhomekeke kumandla afunekayo kunye neemeko, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezinto ezinokusetyenziselwa izibophelelo.
Izibophelelo zentsimbi (ibakala 2,5,8) - inqanaba lamandla
Iziqhoboshi zentsimbi yentsimbi (intsimbi engatyiwa yi-Martensitic, intsimbi ye-Austenitic eStainless),
Iintsimbi zobhedu kunye nobhedu - Ukusetyenziswa kobungqina bamanzi
Iziqhoboshi zenayiloni- ezisetyenziselwa imathiriyeli yokukhanya kunye nokusetyenziswa kobungqina bamanzi.
Ngokubanzi, insimbi iyona nto isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kuzo zonke izibophelelo: i-90% okanye ngaphezulu.
